The Portuguese Flag

The Portuguese Flag was adopted by the revolutionary regime on October 5th 1910, and officially implemented by law on June 19th 1911.

The National Flag is divided into two main colours, dark green (two fifths) and red (three fifths). The green stands at the hoist. The national coat of arms (armillary sphere and Portuguese shield) stands at the division of the flag.

Symbolism of the flag

• The five shields represent the five Moorish kings defeated by D. Afonso Henriques at the battle of Ourique;
• Within the shields there are white spots embodying the five wounds of Christ. It is believed that Jesus appeared before D. Afonso Henriques prior to the battle and said "With this sign you shall win";
• In Portuguese folklore, the seven castles correspond to the conquest of the Algarve, establishing Portugal's unity;
• The armillary sphere is a symbol of the heroic Portuguese maritime tradition;
• Green symbolizes hope and is also related with the republican revolution;
• Red stands for the courage and the blood of those who died defending the nation.

Historical evolution of the Portuguese Flag

National Anthem

The Portuguese National Anthem is called "A Portuguesa". It was written in 1891 and latter adopted by the Republic in 1911. Music by Alfredo Keil and lyrics by Henrique Lopes de Mendonça.

A Portuguesa